The theme of this psalm is justice, justice especially for the poor and needy and righteous judgment altogether.
Solomon must be praying for himself in this psalm. Solomon was attributed much wisdom. Yet in his heart he must have known the basis of his wisdom was God's inspiration. He must have known his need for God in this. That would be the basis for his wisdom, his knowledge of his dependence on God. He looks to God as his source of wisdom.
If our leaders ruled wisely and gave righteous judgments there certainly would be more peace. A corrupt government can certainly create strife. When people are taken advantage of or oppressed there will be angry people. It would not solve all our strife and angry people. Selfish people will be angry even if they are given perfect judgment. They will think they should get better than they deserve.
God wants justice yet he is most concerned with the poor. He describes them in different ways: children of the needy, needy, afflicted. God vows to crush the oppressor. I guess the rich and powerful can take care of themselves. But God champions the poor. If you find yourself poor and without power, you should call on God, he is your champion.
God seems to be calling and predicting a king who will rule like this. He will live a long time. In fat "may his name live forever". These images seem to speak of someone greater than a mortal man. Now we see these allusions referring to the messiah to come who we now believe was (is) Jesus. Jesus has taken his place beside God in heaven and will some day come back to rule. His rule will be like this: righteous, perfect, and eternal.
Of Solomon. 1 Endow the king with your justice, O God, the royal son with your righteousness. 2 He will [fn1] judge your people in righteousness, your afflicted ones with justice. 3 The mountains will bring prosperity to the people, the hills the fruit of righteousness. 4 He will defend the afflicted among the people and save the children of the needy; he will crush the oppressor. 5 He will endure [fn2] as long as the sun, as long as the moon, through all generations. 6 He will be like rain falling on a mown field, like showers watering the earth. 7 In his days the righteous will flourish; prosperity will abound till the moon is no more. 8 He will rule from sea to sea and from the River [fn3] to the ends of the earth. [fn4] 9 The desert tribes will bow before him and his enemies will lick the dust. 10 The kings of Tarshish and of distant shores will bring tribute to him; the kings of Sheba and Seba will present him gifts. 11 All kings will bow down to him and all nations will serve him. 12 For he will deliver the needy who cry out, the afflicted who have no one to help. 13 He will take pity on the weak and the needy and save the needy from death. 14 He will rescue them from oppression and violence, for precious is their blood in his sight. 15 Long may he live! May gold from Sheba be given him. May people ever pray for him and bless him all day long. 16 Let grain abound throughout the land; on the tops of the hills may it sway. Let its fruit flourish like Lebanon; let it thrive like the grass of the field. 17 May his name endure forever; may it continue as long as the sun. All nations will be blessed through him, and they will call him blessed. 18 Praise be to the LORD God, the God of Israel, who alone does marvelous deeds. 19 Praise be to his glorious name forever; may the whole earth be filled with his glory. Amen and Amen. 20 This concludes the prayers of David son of Jesse.
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